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Micronutrients – Trace Elements

Copper

Copper is a vital trace element essential for iron transport and energy production.

Definition

Essential trace mineral involved in iron metabolism, collagen formation, and antioxidant defense. Required in small quantities for optimal health.

How it works

Copper functions as a cofactor for numerous enzymes that regulate cellular respiration and immune function. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of hemoglobin and collagen, supporting both oxygen transport and connective tissue integrity. Copper also contributes to melanin production and brain development. The body tightly regulates copper levels through hepatic excretion, as both deficiency and excess can be problematic.

Role

Acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in iron metabolism, collagen synthesis, and antioxidant protection.

Examples

  • Oysters
  • Beef liver
  • Cashews
  • Dark chocolate
  • Mushrooms
  • Sunflower seeds

Recommendations

Adult requirement is 900 mcg daily; obtain copper from diverse whole foods including nuts, seeds, and shellfish. Avoid excessive supplementation unless medically supervised, as copper toxicity can occur.

Key takeaway

Copper is essential for iron utilization and energy production, requiring balanced dietary intake to avoid deficiency or toxicity.

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