Pathological excess of fat mass, major health risk factor.
Obesity is defined by a BMI ≥30 kg/m² and corresponds to an excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, representing a health risk. It is classified into grade 1 (30-34.9), grade 2 (35-39.9), and grade 3 (≥40).
Obesity is a multifactorial disease involving genetics, food environment, microbiota, endocrine disruptors, and psychosocial factors. Abdominal (visceral) obesity is more metabolically dangerous than subcutaneous obesity, multiplying the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers.
Major risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, sleep apnea, and osteoarthritis.
Multidisciplinary approach: dietetics + physical activity + psychological support. Solo diets have a 95% failure rate at 5 years.
Obesity is a complex chronic disease, not a lack of willpower — it requires comprehensive management.
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