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Allergies et intolérances alimentaires

Patch Test

Allergological test applying allergens to the skin to identify sensitizations.

Definition

Skin test applying small amounts of allergens to the skin to detect contact allergic reactions.

How it works

The patch test involves applying small patches containing suspected allergens directly to the skin, usually on the back. After 24 to 72 hours, observe skin reactions (redness, swelling, itching) indicating sensitization. This test primarily detects delayed contact allergies (Type IV reaction). It is less used for food allergies than for cutaneous or occupational allergies. Interpretation requires medical expertise.

Role

Identifying cutaneous contact allergies by directly applying allergens to the skin.

Examples

  • Patch test for metals
  • Patch test for preservatives
  • Patch test for cosmetic additives
  • Patch test for food colorants

Recommendations

To be performed by a qualified dermatologist or allergist. Respect reading times (24 to 72 hours) for accurate results. Avoid wetting or scratching tested areas during the observation period.

Key takeaway

The patch test identifies contact allergies by observing skin reactions to applied allergens.

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