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Phytochimie et composés bioactifs

Terpene

Volatile aromatic molecules produced by plants, source of aromas and bioactive properties.

Definition

Important class of volatile organic compounds synthesized by plants, consisting of isoprene units (C5H8).

How it works

Terpenes are the largest class of phytochemicals, with over 40,000 identified varieties. These molecules are composed of isoprene unit chains that can be assembled in various ways, creating a wide diversity of structures. Terpenes confer characteristic aromas to plants and play a natural protective role against herbivores and pathogens.

Role

Terpenes provide aromas, flavors, and protective and anti-inflammatory bioactive properties.

Examples

  • Limonene (citrus fruits)
  • Pinene (pine, rosemary)
  • Myrcene (mango, hops)
  • Linalool ( lavender, mint)
  • Carvacrol (oregano)

Recommendations

Regularly include terpene-rich foods like citrus fruits, herbs, and exotic fruits. Consume these foods fresh or minimally processed to preserve volatile terpenes. Use fresh herbs at the end of cooking to maximize retention of beneficial aromatic compounds.

Key takeaway

Terpenes offer more than just flavor: they are potent bioactive molecules for health.

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