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Phytochimie et composés bioactifs

Diterpene

More complex terpenes with varied and remarkable biological activities.

Definition

A class of terpenes composed of four isoprene units (C20H32). Diterpenes are less volatile than monoterpenes but possess a wide variety of structures and biological activities.

How it works

Diterpenes, composed of four isoprene units, form a chemically diverse class of phytochemicals with very varied structures and properties. Unlike volatile monoterpenes, diterpenes are less aromatic and more stable, allowing for better preservation in foods. Among important diterpenes, carnosol from rosemary and phytols exhibit powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Some diterpenes, such as taxol (from yew), are even used in chemotherapy. These molecules interact with diverse biological systems, modulating inflammation, immunity, and cellular protection.

Role

Significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects.

Examples

  • Carnosol (rosemary)
  • Phytol (essential oils, green vegetables)
  • Ginkgolide (ginkgo biloba)
  • Abietine (resins)
  • Cafestol (coffee)

Recommendations

Regularly incorporate fresh or dried rosemary into your dishes for carnosol. Consume green vegetables for phytol and other diterpene intake. Vary botanical sources (herbs, spices, teas) to diversify diterpene intake and optimize synergistic benefits.

Key takeaway

Diterpenes are powerful and diversified phytochemicals offering remarkable therapeutic properties.

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