Probiotic

Definition

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, in sufficient quantities, confer a health benefit to the host. The WHO defines them as beneficial bacteria or yeasts.

How it works

The most studied probiotic strains are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, and Saccharomyces boulardii. They strengthen the intestinal barrier, compete with pathogens, modulate the immune response, and can reduce the duration of diarrhea.

Role

Strengthen the microbiota, protect the intestinal mucosa, modulate immunity.

Examples

• Yogurt, kefir, kombucha, miso, tempeh, unpasteurized sauerkraut

Recommendations

Consume fermented foods daily rather than limiting to supplements.

Key takeaway

Probiotics do not durably colonize the intestine — they need to be consumed regularly.

Related terms