Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

Definition

Variation of a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence present in at least 1% of the population. SNPs are the most common genetic variations affecting nutritional response.

How it works

A SNP results from replacing a single nitrogenous base with another in a given genetic position. Although often without visible effect, some SNPs modify protein structure or function, thus affecting nutritional metabolism. For example, a SNP in the MTHFR gene changes the structure of the enzyme involved in folate cycling. SNPs are heritable and can be detected by accessible genetic tests. The presence of specific SNPs influences sensitivity to certain nutrients, such as caffeine, salt, or saturated fatty acids.

Role

SNPs are genetic variations that modify the efficacy of nutritional enzymes and determine the individual response to nutrients.

Examples

• MTHFR C677T - alters the enzyme 5,10-methylentetrahydrofolate reductase
• CYP1A2 - influences caffeine metabolism
• APOE - affects lipid metabolism
• TCF7L2 - associated with type 2 diabetes risk

Recommendations

Perform an SNP test to identify genetic variations impacting your nutrition, prioritizing MTHFR, CYP1A2, and APO-E. Use these results to adjust your intake of caffeine, lipids, and micronutrients according to your SNP profile.

Key takeaway

SNPs are the basic building blocks of nutritional genetic variability; their detection enables truly personalized nutrition.

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