Toxoplasmosis During Pregnancy

Definition

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii, transmissible through raw or undercooked meat, unwashed vegetables, or cat feces. In pregnancy, it can cause severe fetal complications including blindness, intellectual disability, and miscarriage.

How it works

Toxoplasmosis is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which can be contracted through consumption of undercooked infected meat, unwashed produce contaminated with oocysts, or contact with infected cat feces. While infection in non-pregnant individuals is usually asymptomatic, transmission to the fetus during pregnancy can result in congenital toxoplasmosis. Early infection poses lower transmission risk but higher severity if transmitted, while later infections have higher transmission risk but potentially lower fetal impact. Congenital toxoplasmosis can cause chorioretinitis (eye damage), intracranial calcifications, hydrocephalus, and severe neurological damage.

Role

Represents a parasitic infection risk that can cause congenital complications affecting vision, brain development, and survival.

Examples

• Undercooked beef, lamb, or pork
• Unwashed vegetables and fruits
• Cat litter
• Contaminated soil
• Unpasteurized goat milk
• Raw or undercooked game meat

Recommendations

Cook all meat to safe internal temperatures (160°F for ground meat, 145°F for whole cuts). Wash all fruits and vegetables thoroughly under running water. Avoid handling cat litter or wear gloves if necessary. Have someone else handle cat litter when possible.

Key takeaway

Preventing toxoplasmosis during pregnancy requires proper food preparation, produce washing, and minimizing cat feces exposure.

Related terms