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Food Science & Technology

Food Additive

Substances added to industrial foods to preserve, color, or texture them.

Definition

Substances intentionally added to food during manufacturing for technological reasons: preservation, coloring, texturization, and flavoring.

How it works

In Europe, authorized additives are indicated by an E code (E100-E1520). They have all been evaluated by the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority). Some are natural (E300 = vitamin C), while others are synthetic. Controversy surrounds the long-term effects of additive mixtures (cocktail effect) that individual evaluations do not capture.

Role

Ensuring microbiological safety, stability, and attractiveness of industrial food products.

Examples

  • E102 (tartrazine, coloring)
  • E621 (sodium glutamate)
  • E471 (emulsifier)
  • E250 (sodium nitrite, meat products)

Recommendations

Read labels and limit products with long lists of additives. Cooking at home reduces exposure.

Key takeaway

Not all additives are dangerous, but their accumulation in ultra-processed food is a warning sign.

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