Enzymatic Antioxidant

Definition

Proteins produced by the body that neutralize free radicals through catalytic reactions. These include superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase.

How it works

Enzymatic antioxidants are specialized proteins synthesized by the body that catalytically convert reactive oxygen species into less harmful molecules. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, and glutathione peroxidase reduces organic hydroperoxides. These enzymes require cofactors like zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium to function. The body's production of enzymatic antioxidants can be enhanced through exercise, adequate micronutrient intake, and caloric restriction.

Role

Provides the primary defense mechanism against free radicals through catalytic conversion.

Examples

• Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
• Catalase
• Glutathione peroxidase
• Thioredoxin reductase
• Methionine sulfoxide reductase

Recommendations

Ensure adequate intake of zinc, selenium, copper, and manganese through diverse whole foods. Regular aerobic exercise boosts endogenous antioxidant enzyme production. Avoid chronic stress and excessive caloric intake that impair enzyme synthesis.

Key takeaway

Supporting enzymatic antioxidant production is more effective than relying on dietary supplements.

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