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Micronutrients

Calcium

The mineral of bones and teeth, critical during growth.

Definition

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body (99% in bones and teeth). It is indispensable for bone mineralization, muscle contraction and nerve transmission.

How it works

Bone calcium is in perpetual renewal. Vitamin D is essential for its intestinal absorption. Absorption varies from 30-40% (dairy) to 5-15% (vegetables). Chronic deficiency causes osteoporosis. Coffee, salt and excess protein increase urinary calcium excretion.

Role

Bone and dental mineralization, muscle contraction, coagulation, nerve impulse transmission.

Examples

  • Milk, yogurt, cheese (100-1200mg/100g)
  • Sardines with bones
  • Almonds
  • Broccoli

Recommendations

RDA: 1000mg/day adult, 1200mg after age 55 (women) and 65 (men). Distribute intake throughout the day.

Key takeaway

Bone capital is built until age 25 — calcium intake in childhood is decisive for life.

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