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Nutritional Disorders

Osteoporosis

Progressive weakening of bones, prevented by calcium and vitamin D.

Definition

Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, increasing the risk of fractures.

How it works

Bone mass reaches its peak at 25-30 years and then decreases progressively. Menopause accelerates bone loss (estrogen deficiency). 1 in 2 women and 1 in 5 men over 50 years old will have an osteoporotic fracture. Nutrition plays a major preventive role throughout life.

Role

Major risk of fractures (hip, vertebrae, wrist) leading to loss of autonomy and mortality.

Examples

  • Hip fracture: 20% mortality at 1 year in the elderly
  • T-score <-2.5 at DXA = osteoporosis

Recommendations

Calcium 1000-1200mg/day, vitamin D 800-1000 IU/day, weight-bearing and resistance exercises from childhood.

Key takeaway

Prevention of osteoporosis begins in childhood – building maximum bone capital before 25 years is decisive.

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