Malnutrition in Older Adults

Definition

A condition resulting from inadequate nutritional intake compared to needs, leading to weight loss, decreased muscle mass, and altered biological functions.

How it works

Malnutrition in older adults results from a combination of factors, including anorexia, difficulties in chewing or swallowing, social isolation, cognitive disorders, and limited access to food. It leads to muscle loss, decreased immunity, increased infections, and poor wound healing. Malnutrition is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and accelerated loss of autonomy.

Role

A major cause of fragility, complications, and functional dependence in older adults.

Examples

• Involuntary weight loss
• Persistent fatigue
• Slow wound healing
• Recurrent infections
• Pressure ulcers
• Confusion

Recommendations

Early detection with the MNA score. Increase the nutritional density of meals. Consult a dietitian for a personalized nutrition plan. Consider oral nutritional supplements if necessary.

Key takeaway

Malnutrition is a serious problem, but prevention is possible with early detection and adapted nutritional care.

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