Glucagon

Definition

A peptide hormone secreted by the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels by stimulating hepatic glycogen release and gluconeogenesis.

How it works

Glucagon is an insulin antagonist hormone produced by pancreatic alpha cells when blood glucose levels decrease. Its primary role is to mobilize energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels during fasting or exercise. It acts by triggering glycogenolysis (glucose release) and gluconeogenesis (new glucose synthesis). This hormone is essential to prevent hypoglycemia and provide energy between meals.

Role

Maintains blood glucose levels by mobilizing hepatic and muscle energy reserves.

Examples

• Prolonged fasting • Intensive exercise • Stress state • Hypoglycemia

Recommendations

Eat regularly to maintain stable blood glucose levels and reduce glucagon peaks. Combine proteins and fiber for progressive energy intake. Regular exercise improves glucagon sensitivity.

Key takeaway

Glucagon is essential for maintaining blood glucose levels in energy deficiency.

Related terms