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Metabolism

Blood Glucose

Blood sugar level, continuously regulated by the pancreas.

Definition

Blood glucose is the concentration of glucose in the blood. It is maintained in a narrow range (0.70-1.10 g/L fasting) by the coordinated action of insulin and glucagon.

How it works

After a meal, blood glucose rises and insulin is secreted to bring glucose into cells. Between meals, glucagon releases hepatic glucose to maintain blood sugar. Chronic hyperglycemia (diabetes) damages vessels, nerves, kidneys and eyes.

Role

Provide glucose to cells, indicator of glucose homeostasis.

Examples

  • Normal fasting: 0.70-1.10 g/L
  • Diabetes: >1.26 g/L fasting
  • Hypoglycemia: <0.70 g/L

Recommendations

Stabilize blood sugar with balanced meals, rich in fiber and protein, taken at regular intervals.

Key takeaway

Stable blood sugar prevents post-meal fatigue and long-term protects against diabetes.

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