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Micronutrients

Vitamin B9

Essential vitamin in early pregnancy to prevent birth defects.

Definition

Vitamin B9 (folic acid or folate) is a water-soluble vitamin essential for cell division, DNA synthesis, and neural tube closure in the embryo.

How it works

Folates participate in the transfer of methyl groups, essential for DNA synthesis and neurotransmitter production. Deficiency in early pregnancy causes neural tube defects (spina bifida). France recommends systematic supplementation from the start of pregnancy.

Role

Cell division, DNA/RNA synthesis, homocysteine metabolism, neural tube development.

Examples

  • Liver (250µg/100g)
  • Leafy green vegetables (100-200µg)
  • Legumes (150µg)
  • Brewer's yeast

Recommendations

RDA: 330µg/day, 400µg during pregnancy. Supplementation 400µg/day from the start of pregnancy.

Key takeaway

Folic acid is THE vitamin to supplement before and during pregnancy to prevent spina bifida.

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