HDL Cholesterol

Definition

The fraction of circulating cholesterol transported by high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Associated with cardiovascular protection due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

How it works

HDL-cholesterol is the fraction of total cholesterol that circulates in high-density lipoproteins. Unlike LDL, which promotes the accumulation of cholesterol in arteries, HDL extracts cholesterol from arterial walls and transports it to the liver for elimination. Elevated HDL-C levels are associated with better cardiovascular health and reduced vascular inflammation. HDL also possesses anti-thrombotic and antioxidant properties.

Role

Protects arteries by eliminating excess cholesterol and reducing inflammation.

Examples

• HDL-C above 60 mg/dL considered protective
• 10% increase with 30 minutes of daily exercise
• Low levels (<40 mg/dL in men, <50 mg/dL in women) increase risk

Recommendations

Target HDL-C above 60 mg/dL for optimal cardiovascular protection. Increase physical activity, consume unsaturated fats (fish, olive oil, nuts), and moderate refined carbohydrate intake.

Key takeaway

HDL-cholesterol is a key marker of cardiovascular health, and its increase reduces the risk of heart disease.

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