Celiac Intolerance

Definition

Autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten protein consumption, causing small intestine inflammation and villous atrophy in genetically predisposed individuals.

How it works

Celiac disease develops in individuals carrying HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 genes when gluten from wheat, barley, and rye is consumed. Gluten peptides cross-link with tissue transglutaminase, triggering autoimmune response that damages intestinal villi, reducing nutrient absorption. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, fatigue, and anemia, though some individuals are asymptomatic. Untreated celiac disease increases risk of osteoporosis, infertility, neurological complications, and malignancy. The only effective treatment is lifelong gluten-free diet that allows intestinal healing and symptom resolution. Nutritional monitoring ensures adequate intake of iron, vitamin B12, calcium, and fiber.

Role

Represents autoimmune intestinal response requiring strict gluten avoidance to restore mucosal healing and nutrient absorption.

Examples

• Wheat bread and pasta consumption
• Beer and conventional soy sauce
• Cross-contamination in shared kitchens
• Processed foods with hidden gluten

Recommendations

Adopt strict gluten-free diet excluding wheat, barley, and rye products, while being vigilant about hidden gluten in processed foods and condiments. Work with dietitian to ensure adequate nutrition and identify hidden gluten sources. Consider supplementation with iron, vitamin B12, calcium, and vitamin D depending on baseline deficiencies.

Key takeaway

Celiac disease management requires lifelong strict gluten avoidance with professional nutritional support to ensure adequate micronutrient intake and intestinal healing.

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