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Macronutrients

Lipid

Dietary fats, essential despite their bad reputation.

Definition

Lipids are fatty molecules insoluble in water that form cell membranes, transport fat-soluble vitamins and constitute a concentrated energy reserve (9 kcal/g).

How it works

Saturated fatty acids (fatty meats, butter — limit), unsaturated (vegetable oils, fish — beneficial) and trans (industrial products — avoid) are distinguished. Omega-3 and omega-6 are essential fatty acids the body cannot synthesize.

Role

Form cell membranes, transport vitamins ADEK, synthesize steroid hormones.

Examples

  • Olive oil (monounsaturated)
  • Salmon, walnuts (omega-3)
  • Butter, cheese (saturated)

Recommendations

30-35% of energy intake from lipids. Favor unsaturated fats, limit saturated to <10%, eliminate trans.

Key takeaway

Lipids are essential — their nature matters, not just their presence.

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