OptimealHealth
Metabolism

Lipolysis

Mobilization of fat reserves to produce energy.

Definition

Lipolysis is the process of breaking down triglycerides in adipose tissue into free fatty acids and glycerol, which are released into the blood to be used as an energy source.

How it works

Lipolysis is activated by catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline), glucagon, and hormone-sensitive lipase during fasting or exercise. It is inhibited by insulin. The released fatty acids fuel mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Moderate-intensity exercise (50-65% VO2max) maximizes lipolysis.

Role

Mobilize lipid reserves to provide energy between meals and during effort.

Examples

  • 12-hour fast: active lipolysis
  • Moderate aerobic exercise: maximal lipolysis
  • Post-meal: lipolysis inhibited by insulin

Recommendations

Regular moderate-intensity exercise and prolonged nighttime fasting optimize lipolysis.

Key takeaway

Lipolysis is only truly activated when insulin is low — eating less frequently helps burn fat.

A question about Lipolysis? Ask our nutrition AI.

Ask a question