High-Density Lipoprotein

Definition

Lipoprotein of high density responsible for the reverse transport of cholesterol, returning it from the blood to the liver for elimination.

How it works

HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) is a protein-rich, triglyceride-poor lipoprotein. Unlike LDL, which accumulates cholesterol in blood vessels, HDL removes excess cholesterol and returns it to the liver for catabolism. A high HDL level (above 40 mg/dL in men and 50 mg/dL in women) reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease. The total cholesterol/HDL ratio is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk than total cholesterol alone. Physical activity, consumption of unsaturated fatty acids, and weight loss naturally increase HDL.

Role

Performs the reverse transport of cholesterol and protects the vascular endothelium against atherosclerosis.

Examples

• Prevention of coronary heart disease, lipid profile evaluation, cardiovascular risk monitoring, dietary intervention guidance.

Recommendations

Maintain high HDL levels through regular exercise, consumption of fatty fish (omega-3), nuts, and soluble fiber. An HDL level below 40 mg/dL in men requires nutritional support and physical activity.

Key takeaway

High HDL levels protect the cardiovascular system by removing cholesterol.

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