Low-Density Lipoprotein

Definition

Lipoprotein of low density responsible for the transport of cholesterol from the liver to tissues.

How it works

LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) transports cholesterol from the liver to peripheral cells. A high LDL level promotes the deposition of cholesterol in the arterial wall, forming atherosclerotic plaques. An LDL level below 100 mg/dL is considered optimal, between 100-129 mg/dL near optimal, and above 160 mg/dL elevated. Reducing LDL is a major priority for cardiovascular prevention, especially in patients with risk factors. A diet low in saturated fats and dietary cholesterol helps reduce LDL.

Role

Transports cholesterol from the liver to cells and contributes to atherosclerosis if excessive.

Examples

• Cardiovascular risk screening, myocardial infarction prevention, dyslipidemia monitoring, therapeutic guidance.

Recommendations

Reduce saturated fat intake (less than 7% of calories), increase soluble fiber (10-25 g/day) and plant sterols (2 g/day). An LDL level above 130 mg/dL requires dietary intervention, possibly pharmacological treatment depending on cardiovascular risk.

Key takeaway

High LDL levels increase cardiovascular risk, and reduction is a priority.

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