Sarcopenia in Older Adults

Definition

Progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass and strength linked to aging, increasing the risk of fragility, falls, and loss of autonomy.

How it works

Sarcopenia in older adults results from several factors, including reduced muscle protein synthesis, decreased anabolic hormones, reduced physical activity, and inadequate protein intake. It begins generally from 50 years with a loss of approximately 3% of muscle mass per decade after 60 years. This loss affects strength, balance, and functional capacity, significantly increasing the risk of falls and fractures.

Role

Contributing to fragility and loss of functional autonomy in older adults.

Examples

• Difficulty getting up from a chair
• Slowed walking
• Weakness when climbing stairs
• Difficulty carrying groceries
• Repeated falls

Recommendations

Increase protein intake to 1.2-1.5 g/kg/day with regular distribution. Practice regular physical activity including muscle strengthening. Ensure sufficient intake of vitamin D and calcium.

Key takeaway

Prevention of sarcopenia combines regular physical activity, adequate protein intake, and essential micronutrients.

Related terms