Metabolism

Definition

Metabolism refers to the set of chemical reactions that occur in cells to produce energy, synthesize molecules, and maintain vital functions.

How it works

Metabolism includes two complementary pathways: catabolism (breakdown of molecules to produce energy) and anabolism (synthesis of new molecules). Basal metabolism represents the minimum energy at rest. Thyroid hormones, insulin, and cortisol regulate metabolic intensity.

Role

Producing the energy necessary for all cellular and bodily functions.

Examples

• Glycolysis (glucose breakdown)
• Protein synthesis
• Lipolysis (fat utilization)

Recommendations

Regular physical activity and a balanced diet maintain effective metabolism.

Key takeaway

Metabolism is the energy machinery of life — nutrition is its fuel.

Related terms